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Frequency of Concussion Publicity Modulates Suicidal Ideation, Planning, and Makes an attempt Amongst U.S. Excessive College College students
Kay JJM, Coffman CA, Tavakoli AS, Torres-McGehee TM, Broglio SP, Moore RD. J Athl Coaching. 2022 doi: 10.10.4085/1062-6050-0117.22. Epub forward of print.
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Take-Residence Message
Highschool college students who reported a sport- and recreation-related concussion previously 12 months have been extra more likely to report depressive signs and suicidal ideation than those that didn’t. College students who reported a number of concussions previously 12 months have been about twice as more likely to report trying suicide than those that reported a single concussion.
Background
A historical past of repetitive concussions could improve the danger of antagonistic psychological well being outcomes, together with suicidal ideation, the second main reason behind loss of life in adolescents in the USA. Nevertheless, we lack proof to tell scientific apply about this danger in adolescents and whether or not the danger differs amongst men and women.
Examine Aim
Kay and colleagues accomplished a retrospective cross-sectional examine to look at the affiliation between concussion frequency and suicidal ideation or conduct amongst organic men and women.
Strategies
The researchers used knowledge from the Nationwide Youth Danger Habits Surveillance System to discover this query. The survey was administered in 2017 and 2019 to college students in 9th via 12th grade in each personal and public faculties. The authors summarized the self-reported sports- or recreation-related concussion historical past responses as 1) no historical past, 2) a single concussion, or 3) a number of concussions. The survey included 5 sure/no questions concerning psychological well being: 1) feeling disappointment/hopelessness, 2) suicidal ideation, 3) suicidal planning, 4) suicide makes an attempt, and 5) injurious suicide makes an attempt. The timeframe for all variables was “inside the final 12 months.”
Outcomes
Fifteen % of respondents reported a minimum of one concussion within the final 12 months. A bigger proportion of feminine respondents reported sure to every psychological well being query. The authors noticed an total relationship between concussion historical past and the prospect of reporting emotions of melancholy, suicidal ideation, and behaviors. Respondents who reported a number of concussions previously 12 months have been about twice as more likely to report trying suicide than those that reported a single concussion. Whereas this discovering occurred amongst men and women, this affiliation was stronger in males.
Viewpoints
Curiously, the authors discovered {that a} highschool pupil who studies a historical past of concussion within the prior yr might be extra more likely to report antagonistic psychological well being outcomes. Nevertheless, additionally they noticed that when an individual sustains a number of concussions, they could be at even larger danger for trying suicide. Nevertheless, this knowledge comes from a cross-sectional survey. Therefore, it’s unattainable to know the timing of those antagonistic psychological well being outcomes. May they precede the concussion and trigger somebody to take extra dangers and expertise extra concussions? Is that this an acute or continual final result that develops after concussions, or a vicious cycle the place a concussion causes antagonistic psychological well being outcomes that will increase their danger for one more concussion and worse outcomes that manifest as trying suicide? This info might be important to know to assist inform prevention methods. Hopefully, this examine encourages future longitudinal analysis that may assess the timing of occasions and the impression of a number of concussions. Future analysis might additionally discover the function of concussion severity regarding psychological well being outcomes.
Medical Implications
Clinicians ought to acknowledge that even a single concussion might be associated to destructive psychological well being outcomes inside 12 months. Clinicians ought to monitor psychological well being outcomes after a concussion and educate relations about recognizing modifications to a affected person’s psychological well being standing.
Questions for Dialogue
How do you at the moment talk about or monitor a affected person’s psychological well being following a concussion? Is there something you’ll contemplate altering in your scientific apply contemplating the findings of this examine?
Written by Kyle Harris
Reviewed by Jeffrey Driban
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